A regional range development project has been established in southern and southeastern Ethiopia, and the planning area has been jointly studied by the Imperial Ethiopian Government and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID). Water development in combination with veterinary service to solve the water shortage and disease problems was analyzed in this dissertation. Objectives were: to describe the existing physical, social, and cultural conditions in southern and southeastern Ethiopia; to analyze the economics of veterinary services and water development with and without management; and to discuss management and social changes necessary to insure that water development accomplishes desirable economic and social changes. Three development alternatives were considered and analyzed. The three alternatives were: mobile veterinary service, mobile veterinary service plus water development, and mobile veterinary service plus water development and management.