This seminar will take the attendees on a schematic tour of old system piping/plumbing/controlling technologies and strategies, and the way they were piped, and what we've since discovered wrong with those installations. After we've seen what's wrong, we will modify the system designs using current state of the art piping, pumping, and valve usage technology to make certain that the quantity of wasted alternative BTU's are held to a minimum. Even the newer piping methodologies (primary/secondary) have changed somewhat since their introduction, and we will discuss the need to incorporate those advances into the piping schemes of these alternative energy systems.