Oysters with potential for aquaculture are found throughout the tropics and subtropics, but few species have been cultured and these in only a few tropical countries. This monograph reviews oyster biology, ecology, and culture techniques, both experimental and commercial. Three oyster genera are discussed: Crassostrea (the most important commercial species), Ostrea, and Saccostrea. The geographical distribution and aquaculture potential of species of these genera are discussed first, followed by an account of the ecology of wild populations (physical environmental factors, maturation and spawning cycles, hermaphroditism and sex change, larval distribution and abundance, setting behavior, and growth rates). Experiences with the bottom, stake, intertidal rack, raft, tray and longline methods of oyster culture are then reviewed. Subjects addressed more briefly include: oyster diseases and mass mortalities; hybridization and selective breeding; the introduction of non-endemic species to and within tropical regions; processing; marketing; the economics of oyster culture; and research needs. A 5-page bibliography of references cited in the text is included.