These programs have evolved during the present Five-Year plan of the Center. The focus is Aquaculture is on genetic improvement of cultured organisms and development of low-cost farming systems for small-scale producers. The major species of interest in freshwater are the tilapias and in marine waters, giant clams. in Capture Fisheries Management, attention is given to "management-oriented" research on aquatic resource assessment methodology and economic valuation of fisheries. The Coastal Area Management program focuses on the promotion and adoption of integrated coastal are management.