Workshop participants were brought up-to-date on two recent African reports: Management of Agricultural Development in Africa (MADIA) and the Low Resource Agriculture in Africa Report by the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA). Information on the Special Program for African Agriculture Research (SPAAR) was shared. Four discussion groups were formed to identify the problems and issues related to the four sub-theme objectives and were asked to develop specific operational recommendations, which are presented at the end of this summary.