This publication looks at the role of communications, community participation, and hygiene education in water supply and sanitation programs. Water supply and sanitation development tends to be viewed as a technological problem requiring technological solutions. These solutions often involve the technical design and selection of pumping equipment, pipelines, and other physical facilities. As a result, institutions responsible for water supply and sanitation development usually are staffed with engineers and technologists trained to view their task in physical, rather than human, terms.